Introduction: Medicinal plants are highly taken into consideration due to having natural antimicrobial compounds which Iran can be introduced as one of the richest sources of medicinal plants. Hence, the purpose of this study was to determine the antibacterial activities of grape seed extract on shelf life of tilapia.Methods: The prepared fish were divided into 2 groups: the first group was treated by dipping for 30 min in grape seed extract (1.5%v/v), and the second group was dipped in distilled water as the control sample. The control and treated fish samples were analyzed for microbiological (total count of mesophilic aerobic micro organisms, PTC) and sensory characteristictis over a perid of 20 days.Results: The study results indicated the extract treatment group significantly delayed (p<0.05) the spoilage process in comparison with the control group, which the total count of psychotrophic bacteria remained lower than the proposed acceptable limit (7 log cfu/g). According to sensory analysis, the treated fish with grape seed extract represented the highest quality during the storage.Conclusions: The present study findings revealed that grape seed extract seemed to be extremely effective in extending the shelf life of tilapia fish fillet during the refrigerated storage.

Objective: Ionizing radiation induces deleterious effects in the biological systems by producing free radicals. grape seed extract (GSE) as a free radical scavenger could protect the body against the damages. Materials and Methods: In this study, 12 healthy male volunteers were divided into Groups 1, 2, 3 and 4 and received 100, 300, 600 and 1000 mg GSE, respectively. Peripheral blood samples were collected from each volunteer 15 min before, and 1, 2, and 5 hr after GSE oral administration. Blood samples were then irradiated with 150 cGy of 100 kvp X-ray (Irradiated control group, was treated with only 1. 5 Gy of X-rays). Cytogenic damages were detected by micronucleus assay. Results: Results showed that irradiation significantly increased the incidence of micronuclei (p<0. 001). In group 1, the mean reduction of micronucleus rate was 26. 53%, 34. 92%, and 31. 38%, 1, 2, and 5 hr after GSE ingestion (p<0. 001), respectively; this variable in group 2 was 17. 38, 38. 33, and 31. 38 (p<0. 001), in group 3, was 35. 65%, 46%, and 37. 15% (p<0. 001), respectively and in group 4, was 41. 35%, 51. 73%, and 50. 55% (p<0. 0001), respectively. The samples collected 1, 2, and 5 hr after ingestion of GSE exhibited a significant decrease in the incidence of micronuclei compared with the radiation control group. The maximum protection and reduction in frequency of micronuclei (51. 73%) was observed 2 hr after ingestion of 1000 mg GSE. Conclusion: Consumption of GSE before undergoing radiation protects human lymphocytes against X-rays by reducing radiation-induced genotoxicity.

Many studies have been undertaken to evaluate the antioxidant activity of different essential oil and plants extract recently, which emphasize the ability of these compounds to inhibit growth of wide range of microorganisms and spoilage agents. Therefore, in order to evaluat the antioxidant activity of seed extract of 15 grape cultivars (Fakhri-E-Kashmar, Shoghali-E-Neishaboor, Sahebi-E-Neishboor, Mayemish-E-Birjand, Sefidangoor-E-Ghoochan, Rokhsiah-E-Mahvelat, Lalghermez-E-Mahvelat, Amirozom-E-Rezaie, Moghanai-E-Mashhad, Amirgile-E-Rezaie, Sabzeh-E-Mashhad, Tabarzeh-E-Rezaie, Shahani-E-Rezaie, Loflofi-E-Lotfabad and Samarghandi-E-Lotfabad), an experiment was conducted based on completely randomized design with 4 replicates during 2009-2011. The antioxidant capacity of seed extract was assessed by DPPH method. Results showed a considerably high antioxidant capacity in all tested cultivars. The minimum and maximum values of 12.53 and 90.2 were observed in Sefidangoor-E-Ghoochan and Shoghali-E-Neishaboor, respectively. The cultivars Amirozom-E-Rezaie, Amirgile-E-Rezaie, Moghanai-E-Mashhad, Samarghandi-E-Lotfabad and Shahani-E-Rezaie, at the next ranks, had the maximum antioxidant capacity. So that, grape seed extract, which is a good natural and beneficial material for human health, can be recommended as a suitable source of antioxidants.

Introduction. This study was designed to determine the protective effect of red grape seed extract (RGSE) on gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Materials and Methods. Thirty male Wistar rats were divided into 3 groups to receive RGSE, for 60 days followed by intraperitoneal injection of saline solution (as placebo) for 8 days (group 1); RGSE followed by gentamicin for 8 days (group 2); and gentamicin without pre-medication of RGSE (group 3). Oral RGSE, 40 mg/ kg/d, and intraperitoneal injection of gentamicin, 100 mg/kg/d, were administered in these groups of rats. Blood and urine samples were collected on days 0 and 68 of the study. Then, the kidneys were removed for pathologic examination. Results. On day 68, serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen concentrations were highest in group 3, which was significantly higher than in group 1 (P = .001 and P = .004, respectively), while slightly higher than in group 2 (P = .30 and P = .50, respectively). Fractional excretion of sodium was not significantly different between the three groups. Histopathological evaluation showed that rats in group 3 had significantly higher degrees of severe acute tubular necrosis and interstitial mononuclear cell infiltration than the rats in groups 1 and 2 (P < .001). Conclusions. This animal study suggests that pretreatment with RGSE protects against gentamicin-induced acute kidney injury as evident on tissue histology. However, this was not accompanied with significant improvement in biochemical markers of kidney injury. 

Background: Cesarean section is among the most important gynecological surgeries and is the most common surgery in the present era. Delayed wound healing is among the main post-cesarean complications. It dramatically affects female’ s quality of life and causes frequent medical visits and even re-hospitalization. Objectives: This study aimed at investigating the effects of grape seed extract on the approximation of cesarean section wound. Methods: This double-blind randomized controlled trial was done during year 2015 on a convenient sample of 129 eligible females, who had undergone a cesarean section at Valiasr hospital, Birjand, Iran. The candidates were randomly allocated to a placebo and two experimental groups. In one experimental group, the participants were treated with 2. 5% grape seed extract ointment (group A) while in the other, 5% ointment was used (group B). Wound approximation was measured by using the redness, edema, ecchymosis, discharge, approximation (REEDA) scale at three time points including before ointment application (T1) as well as at the sixth (T2) and the fourteenth (T3) post-intervention days. The data were analyzed via the SPSS (v. 19. 0) software and through analysis of variance, Chi-square, Fisher’ s exact, Friedman’ s, Wilcoxon, Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests, at a significance level of 0. 05. Results: Before the study intervention, the difference among the groups regarding the mean score of wound approximation was not statistically significant (P = 0. 14). However, there were significant differences among the groups regarding the mean score of wound approximation at T2 (P = 0. 002) and T3 (P = 0. 02). Conclusions: The findings of this study demonstrate the effectiveness of grape seed extract ointment in accelerating cesarean wound closure. Therefore, the ointment can be used to accelerate wound healing after cesarean section.

Background: The antimicrobial properties of plant extracts have shown promise for development of new drugs. This study was conducted to measure the antibacterial activity of grape (Vitis vinifera) seed extract against Streptococcus mutans and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans.Materials and Methods: In this experimental study the grape seed extract have been prepared with maceration method. The antimicrobial activity of the extract was examined by determining Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimal Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) using the macro dilution broth technique.Results: MIC and MBC for Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans was 3.84 mg/mL and 7.68 mg/mL respectively.There were not any inhibitory effects against Streptococcus mutans.Conclusion: The grape seed extract has inhibitory and bactericidal effects against Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. There were not any bactericidal or bacteriostatic effects against Streptococcus mutans.